Filter



Allg' 7, 1945- c. E. HUNZIKER FILTER Filed sept. 14, 1959 2sheet's-sheet 1 INV ENTOR..

ATTORNEYS Alg 7 1945- c. E. HUNZIKER 2,381,453

FILTER Filed Sept. 14, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 F1 .4. v /65 Fg/GG /GS 2 o2l INVENTOR.

CHARLES E. Huuz/KEE BY mm@ ATTORNEY 5 Patented Aug. 7, 1945 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE FILTER Charles Edward Hunziker, Paterson, N. J.Application September 14,t 1939, Serial No. 294,862

, 4 Claims.

This invention relates to'a filter, and refers more particularly to atank filter operating on the principle of the alluvial or pressure-leafsystem, and applicable in chemical and pharmaceutical industries, forbeverages, food industry and the like. y

An object of the present invention is the provision of a lter throughthe use of which a very ne filtration with resultant highest degree ofclarity and brilliance is attained without practically any preliminaryrun.

Another object is the provision of a filter which has a large output,islight in weight and simple to operate, and works at a low per galloncost of ltrate..

A further object is the provision of a lter having a maximum output withthe nest filtration, caused by the possibility of adapting the propergrade of the filtering material suitable to the viscosity and the degreeof turbidity of f the liquid to be filtered.

Other objects of the present invention will become apparent in thecourse of the following specication.

The objects of the present invention may be realized through theprovision of a iilter comprising a cylindrical tank shell containing asplash plate and a plurality of filter leaves suspended by supportsWithin the shell in such manner that they extend parallel to the sidesurfaces of the shell, the leaves being adapted yto be suspended fromracks situated outside the shell when a side door of the tank is open.The door` of the tank is swingably mounted on arms which are hingedlyconnected with the shell so that it can be opened and shut very quickly,a liquidtight contact between the door and the shell being achieved by aplurality of substantially radially extending bars which are adapted topass through locks carried by the shell and which press the door againstthe shell through the medium of a hand-wheel rotatably mounted upon athreaded spindle. The tank shell Amay -be connected by pipes carrying anumber of valves with a mixing tank anda pump by means of which thesuspension of the filtering material in a carrying liquid and its oatingupon the screens of the filter leaves is achieved. A number of filtertanks may be operated jointly and the lter leaves may be of differentforms and materials.

The above'and various other features of the present invention willappear more clearly from the following detailed description when takenin connection with the accompanying drawings,

showing by way of example preferred embodiments of the inventive idea.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a filter;

' supported by two pivots which are situated in a vertical planediametrically-opposite one another.

The'device for locking the cover 25, comprises a plurality ofretractable bars'or tightening levers 34 which extend substantiallyradially when the cover is closed. The inner end of each of the bars 34is carried by a separate pivot 35. Each of the supports 36 is swingablymounted upon a separate pivot or belt 31. The pivots 31 are carried byan inner plate 38 which extends vertically and which is integral with anactuating arm 39.- The plate 38 is mounted upon a sleeve 40 having innerthreads which mesh with the threads of a rod or spindle 4I integral withthe cover 25. The threaded .rod 4I extends horizontally and is situatedin the middle of the cover 25. A hand-wheel 42 is firmly mounted uponthe sleeve 40.

The movable bars 34 extend through eyes 43 which are connected with anannular ange 44 carried by the cover 25.

The flange 33 of the shell 20 carries a plurality of eyes 45 which aresituated opposite cutout portions formed Yin the edge 46 of the cover25, so that the cover 25 does not extend over these eyes in its closedposition. The ends of the bars 34 which pass .through the eyes 43 of thecover 25, extend also through the eyes' 45 of the shell 20 in the closedposition of the tank. However, to enable an operator to open the cover25, .the bars 34 are withdrawn from the eyes 45.

A plate stand situated outside the tank comprisesv two plate racks (notillustrated) having hooked end portions which may extend through cutoutportions provided in the cover 25 and may be hooked with the. ange 33 ofthe shell 20. The opposite ends of the racks are carried by verticalsupporting rods.

In order Ito open the which are then hooked on again.

The tank filter carries an inlet pressure gauge of the usual type. 'I'herear wall 2| of the filter carries end fittings 52 upon which arescrewed the union fittings 53 and 54. Threaded pipes 55 and 56 arescrewed into the unions 54 and are connected with eachother by manifoldsor discharge pipes 51 carrying a cross-fitting 58.

An upper tie-rod 59 and a lower tie-rod 60 extend one above the otherthrough the shell 20, the ends of .these tie-rods being held in placewithin the pipes 55 and 56. The opposite ends of the .tie-rods 59 and 60carry caps 6| and tienuts 92 which are screwed upon the threadedportions of the tie-rods 59. the caps 6| being in contact with one ofthe filter-plates or leaves 82. A splash plate 63 is situated at thebottom of the shell 20 and is provided with a plurality of openings usedfor the passage of the liquid and,

preferably, situated opposite the spaces between the screens'69 of thefilter plates 82.

The plates 62 situated within the filter tank may be of a variety ofdifferentA forms and constructions. Each of the plates shown in Figures1 and 2 comprises an outer frame 64 provided with handles 65 and ltwosleeves 66 and 61 enclosing discharge channels through which'the tierods59 and 60 extend. The frame 64 is also provided with hooks 68 which `areused to support .the plates upon the supports 94within the :tank

or upon racks when the plates are moved out of the shell 20.

Each of the plates 62 has three wire screens 69 situated at a smalldistance one from the other and carried by the screen frame 64. Passages10 provided in the screen frames 64 connect the inner spaces between thescreens 69 with the channels enclosed by the sleeves 66 and 61.

In order to close the filter tank, the plates 62 `are shifted from theracks into the interior of the shell and are so arranged therein thatthe sleeves 66 and 61 `of the innermost plate 69 are mounted upon theend fittings 52, as shown in Figure 6. 'I'he sleeves 66 and 61of all theother plates 62 t one into the other, while the sleeves 66 and 61 oftheoutermost plates 62 are held by caps 6| and'tie-nuts 92. which arescrewed uponv the threaded ends of the ltie-rods 59 and 60.

To close the4 cover 25, the operator turns the .arm 39 which is integralwith the plate 38; Since be shifted in a direction toward the cover 25.4

Since the sleeve 40 is in engagement with the plate 38, the plate 38will be also shiftedtoward the cover 25, lthereby pressing Athe outerends of the bars 34 against the flange 44 of the cover 25 and againstAthe inside of l.the eyes 45. The eyes 45 are drawn outwardly.. andbeing connected to the flange 33, pull the latter tightly up against theflange 46, .the points at which the arms 34 abut the fiange 44 acts as afulcrum and due to the long lever arm between the fulcrum and the2,381,453 -cover 25, it is necessary to withdraw the racks,

pivot point 35, high pressure is exerted providing a perfect liquidtightconnection.

'I'he operation o! the described filter tank includes two preliminaryoperations necessary for lthe purpose of suspending the finely dividedltering material in the liquid carrying the same and alluviating thefiltering material on the fine screens 59 of the filter plates 62.

The filtering materials generally employed consist, of varying grades ofasbestos, charcoal, or various other lter aids, such as diatomaceousearth.

The process of suspending this filtering material in the liquid to befiltered is carried out, in the first place, by pouring the liquid andthe filtering material into a. mixing tank (not illustrated), Where thefiltering material is thoroughly divided within the liquid and remainsin suspension therein.

'I'he second operation consists in alluviating the finely dividedfiltering material suspended in liquid on the fine screens 69 of thefilter plates 62. In order to carry out this operation, a pump is nowoperated, the liquid will ow from the mixing tank into the pipe 8|leading to the shell 20 of the filter tank and will fill the interior ofthe filter, depositing the filtering material carried by it upon thewire screens 69 of the filter plates 62. 'I'he liquid will return to thetank through the manifold 51 and the cross fitting 58. Due to thedriving action of the pump, the liquid carrying the filtering materialin suspension will circulate through the filter tank and will graduallydeposit all the filtering material ,carried by the liquid upon thesheets 69. The operator stops the pump when the liquid has become clearagain, since `this shows that the entire filtering material has beendeposited upon the sheets 69. When using filter aids or charcoal,usually a. thin layer of asbestes is first oated on the frames'as theprimary layer, .and the filter aids or charcoal is gradually floated onthis layer as the run progresses.

It was found that the filtering material, particularly asbestos, has anextremely sharp filtering effect on the microscopically fine particlesof turbid matter. The described tank filter operates as a polishingfilter and will deliver a large quantity of crystal-clear filtrateimmediately after setting.

Figures 3 to 8 illustrate six different fllter plates which may be usedin conJunction with the described fllter tanks. The filter plate |50,shown in Figure 3, comprises a frame or sheet metal edge |5| having asingleA discharge channel formed by a sleeve |52 and carrying upon itsupper surface support hooks |53. The frame |5| carries an-innersupporting screen I54'consisting of a wire mesh and two outer screens|55 only one of which is shown in the drawings.

'I'he screens |55 consist of a fine wire mesh and are soldered to theframe |5| of the filter |50.

I'he lter plate |60 shown in Figure 4 comprises a frame |6| providedwith a lower sleeve |62 and an upper sleeve |66 constituting twodischarge channels. 'I'he frame carriesv support hooks |63. The threescreens of this filter plate consist of an inner supporting screen |64and two outer fine mesh screens |65 which are soldered to the frame |6I.

The filter plate |10 `shown in Figure 5 comprises a frame or sheet metaledge |1| carrying a lower sleeve |12 constituting the single dischargechannel and also carrying support hooks |13. The plate |10 is providedwith an inner supporting screen |14 and two fine outer screens |15 l j y2,831,453 3 consisting fof metal. The screens I10are `at- `through theprojections of the plates, the caps, tached to the frame |1| by bandmetal holders' nipples and couplings and detachably connecting |11carrying bolts |18. said parts together and holding the plates inasv'The screen |80'shcwn'ih1i8ure 6 comprises sembled relation.

asheet metal frame or edge |8| carrying a sleeve 5. 2. A lterof thecharacter described compris- |82 and supporthooks |88.v VThe vmetalframe ing a shell, a. stationary wall closing one end of ing ajshell, astation ry-.w the shell, ai door for clos num passages |80 carries aninner supporting yscreen |84 and the shell, a door vfor closing 'theopposite end of two outer screens |85 consisting" of cloth whichand-"guiding members ex-v is sewed to the yframe by seasnls'lextendin'gpn 'fj frailty of; parallel filter plates slidably supportedthree sides ofthe metal frame"|80. Thehooks |83 are attached to theframe|8| by bolts |8 aid supporting members for movement into which passthrough the cloth sheets ut of the shelll 'when the door is'open, each|85.

The filter .plate Isn shownvinl Figure,

Yrnateri'al having' passages therein, hollow projecframe at all andcomprises an inner moldedFruby tions; at the top and bottom of theopposite fafces v ber sheet or plate |94 which is corrugated for of eachfilter plate, the projections of adjacent Y.

drainage purposes. In addition'to thev horizontal plates beingformed tointerflt to hold the plates corrugations of the sheet |94, it may bealso 'proengageda'nd spaced apart and forming upper and vided withvertical discharge grooves |99. The ylower fluid conducting channels,nipples carried rubber sleeve |92 constitutingl the single dise 20 vbyand extending through said stationary wall charge channel of this filterplate is attached and engaging and communicating with the pr'oby bolts|98 to the inner rubber platefl9'4f.' vvMetal jections on the outerfaces of one of the end inserts |91 may be situated onone prfbothsides 1platesof the series, caps engaging and closing of the inner rubber platev|94 to ensureri'gidity. .the outer ends of the projections on the outerface ofthe otherfend plate of the series, couplings f 'tionary'gplata-fluid conductors connected with said couplings, tie rods extendingthrough the f projections'of the plates, the caps, nipples andcouplings'ahi detachably connecting said parts together and holding theplates in assembled relation, a conductor communicating with the bottomofthe shell, and a splash plate disposed in the '.35.shell. ing205,which is heldfbi'sea f 3. A filter of the character described,compristhe slabs 208. Hooks 203 which ing a Shellya stationary wallclosing one end of ber or metal are bolted over the cl'o lli'by the`the' shell, la door for closing the opposite end of bolts 201. The plateis provided lwith a lower the shell, supporting andguiding membersexsleeve 202. constituting aj'discharge channel.q 40 tendinglongitudinally within the shell, a plurality It is apparent that thespecific illustrations 0f Piilelfili Plates Sldably Supported on saidshownl above have been given by way of illustraf SuPPOlinS, members inOperative DOStiOn Within tion and not by way of limitation, andthat thethe shell and for movement into and out of the structures abovedescribed are subject' towide 4shell when the door is open. each 'ofsaid lter variation,rand'4 modificationl withoutfidepart 45.plates'fcomprising a body of filtering material fromithejeeepe erinf-,ent of the .mventienf 9,11 having fluid passages therein, hollowprojections of which l-lrariations and yinpdilicationsl are t0 be 011the opposite faces of each filter plate. the includedy within the scopeof the present inven- Projections of adjacent plates being formed tonon, e f intert'to hold the plates engaged and spaced What-,fig claimedis; 60 apart vvand forming fluid conducting channels i. Aalter or the,charac described' compris-v Communicating with Said fiuid passage. anipple all' closingoneend of carried by and extending through saidstationary mgltheoppesite end of wall andzengaging and communicatingwith the theme11, suppefting and`gmdmg members exprojection at theadjacent side of one of the tending. klonitudixnnly wit" :the shell, aplu- 65 end Plates ofthe Series. a cap engaging and closf. .lyegmnel`mee zsudemy supported ing the outer end of the projections on the outerers inoperativeposition l faces-0f the. other end plate of the series, acouvplingensagng the nippleat the outer side of L thestationaryplate, aiiuid conductor connected withff'said coupling, and a tie rod extendingthrough the projections of the plates, the cap,

cames-atome top d bttm'oftm opposite vnipple and coupling and detachablyconnecting m1ies'off`eacli` filter plate,f1' the projections of ad- SaidParts together and holding thel plates in asby and extendingthroughfsaid sta- ,etes beine formed ,tomternt tonele the sembledrelation.

ngaged and spacedapgrt and` forming o5 4. A lter of the characterdescribed compris- .uppegjmnenower nuid conducting channels, mping ashell, a stationary wall closing oneend ol? j. -fm au and engaging andvcommenting the shell, supporting and guiding membersextesi, of theseries, caps engasing'and 70 Talty of parallel filter plates slidablysupport-,ed .ethervend plete4 of4 the Series, tion within the shell andfor movement into and agin'gthefnipples at' the eugereide ,out of theshell when the door is open, each of nary plate,- iiuid conductorsconnected said lter plates comprising' a body of lterlng wupnngsrendwqmds e', tend1ng,76 material havingfluid passages therein, 'hollow l of`said vilter plates ,comprising a body ofy flltering fengaging, thenipples on the outer side of the stashell" between the plates and thebottom of ther the shell, a door for closing the opposite end of v irejections on theouter face-.of one'of tending longitudinally Within theshell, a plujul-,er endg-)fjf,he v projeetlenson the on .said supportingmembers in operative posiprojections at the top and bottom oi" the oppo`l couplings engaging thenlpyples at the outer side site faces of eachiilter plate,'the projections ot` t stationary wall and engaging andcommunicating with the projections on the outer face of one ,of the endplates of the series, caps engaging and closing the outer ends of theprojections on the outer face of the other end plate of the series,

ofthe stationary plate, vertically arranged iiuld *conductorslconnecting with said, couplings, a

union connecting said conductors, horizontal conductors. connected withthe union, a valve in each `oi' "seiihorizontalconductors and a. tie rodexj `tending;"throughL the projections of the'plates,

.the ca'p,`nipp1e and coupling and detachably connectingsaid partstogether and holding the plates lniassem'bled relation. 1 t

` l CHARLESEDWARDHUNZIKER.

